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Diabetology

Within the field of diabetology, specialists known as diabetologists hold certifications from the German Diabetes Association (DDG). These professionals include internists focused on endocrinology and diabetology, as well as doctors who have additional qualifications in the area of diabetes care.

 

Diabetes mellitus, more commonly called “diabetes,” is a metabolic disorder characterized by consistently high blood sugar levels in individuals. The scientific and medical area of diabetology is dedicated to the study and management of various forms of diabetes, which encompass:

  • Diabetes mellitus type 1,
  • Diabetes mellitus type 2 (adult-onset diabetes),
  • Diabetes mellitus type 3 (a rare condition) and
  • Gestational diabetes

What is a diabetologist’s role?

The responsibilities of a diabetologist involve both the diagnosis and treatment of all diabetes forms. Additionally, they manage health issues closely related to diabetes, like:

  • Disturbances affecting lipid metabolism,
  • Severe obesity and
  • High blood pressure.

Furthermore, a diabetologist oversees preventive screenings to identify potential complications stemming from diabetes.

Typically, care for common cases of type 2 diabetes, also known as adult-onset diabetes, is provided by the patient's family doctor. The diabetologist usually takes charge of treatment only when insulin therapy is required or if complications have already developed, coordinating closely with the family physician.

What are the secondary diseases?

  • Peripheral artery disease (PAD):
    A frequent complication linked to diabetes, PAD occurs when deposits in blood vessels reduce blood flow and oxygen supply to the legs, leading to symptoms such as cold feet or leg pain during walking.
  • Diabetic polyneuropathy (PNP):
    Prolonged high blood sugar levels can result in nerve damage. This damage may lead to various sensory disturbances or paralysis, depending on the type of nerve impairment.
  • Diabetic foot syndrome (DFS):
    This serious complication arises due to nerve damage (diabetic neuropathy) and circulatory issues in the foot or lower leg. Such problems can result in tissue death or ulcers, and in severe cases, may necessitate limb amputation.

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